Insecticide Susceptibility and Detoxification Enzyme Activity of Frankliniella occidentalis under Three Habitat Conditions

Frankliniella occidentalis is a highly destructive and invasive agricultural pest that has developed resistance to variety of insecticide classes. Different planting structures use frequency can directly affect the development F. occidentalis. In this study, susceptibility three field strains occidentalis, collected over one year (April November) from habitat conditions (facility agriculture area, FA; open crop OF; agroforestry intersection AI), spinetoram, spinosad, emamectin benzoate, chlorfenapyr, acetamiprid, imidacloprid were monitored compared. At same time, detoxification enzyme activity in different habitats was determined. The results showed population FA significantly lower than populations OF AI. Among them, had low levels spinetoram (RR = 9.18-fold), benzoate 5.47-fold), chlorfenapyr 6.67-fold), acetamiprid 7.49-fold), moderate level 11.67-fold), while still being relatively sensitive spinosad. 5.24-fold) but other five insecticides. AI six insecticides at levels. activities enzymes, including carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), cytochrome P450 system (CYP450), revealed higher those two populations. change CarE consistent with resistance, indicating may be involved metabolic spinetoram. populations, Our findings, along strategies, are expected help management habitats.